/*############################################################################## ## Author: Shaun Reed ## ## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved ## ## About: Classes for managing objects and data within a scene ## ## ## ## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0 ## ##############################################################################*/ #include #include #include #include "examplescene.h" #include "resources.h" using namespace Qtk; /******************************************************************************* * Constructors, Destructors ******************************************************************************/ ExampleScene::ExampleScene() { setSceneName("Example Scene"); getCamera().getTransform().setTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, 20.0f); getCamera().getTransform().setRotation(-5.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); } ExampleScene::~ExampleScene() { delete mTestPhong; delete mTestSpecular; delete mTestDiffuse; delete mTestAmbient; } /******************************************************************************* * Public Member Functions ******************************************************************************/ void ExampleScene::init() { // Add a skybox to the scene using default cube map images and settings. setSkybox(new Qtk::Skybox("Skybox")); /* Create a red cube with a mini master chief on top. */ auto myCube = new MeshRenderer("My cube", Cube(Qtk::QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS)); myCube->setColor(RED); addObject(myCube); auto mySpartan = new Model("My spartan", PATH("/models/spartan/spartan.obj")); mySpartan->getTransform().setTranslation(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f); mySpartan->getTransform().setScale(0.5f); addObject(mySpartan); // // Create simple shapes using MeshRenderer class and data in mesh.h auto mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("rightTriangle", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-5.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer("centerCube", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-7.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("leftTriangle", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-9.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mesh->setDrawType(GL_LINE_LOOP); mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("topTriangle", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-7.0f, 2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("bottomTriangle", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-7.0f, -2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); mesh->setDrawType(GL_LINE_LOOP); mesh->setColor(GREEN); // // 3D Model loading auto model = addObject( new Qtk::Model("backpack", PATH("/models/backpack/backpack.obj"))); auto test = PATH("/models/backpack/backpack.obj"); // Sometimes model textures need flipped in certain directions model->flipTexture("diffuse.jpg", false, true); model->getTransform().setTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f); model = addObject(new Qtk::Model("bird", PATH("/models/bird/bird.obj"))); model->getTransform().setTranslation(2.0f, 2.0f, -10.0f); // Sometimes the models are very large model->getTransform().scale(0.0025f); model->getTransform().rotate(-110.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); model = addObject(new Qtk::Model("lion", PATH("/models/lion/lion.obj"))); model->getTransform().setTranslation(-3.0f, -1.0f, -10.0f); model->getTransform().scale(0.15f); model = addObject( new Qtk::Model("alien", PATH("/models/alien-hominid/alien.obj"))); model->getTransform().setTranslation(2.0f, -1.0f, -5.0f); model->getTransform().scale(0.15f); model = addObject(new Qtk::Model("scythe", PATH("/models/scythe/scythe.obj"))); model->getTransform().setTranslation(-6.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f); model->getTransform().rotate(-90.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); model->getTransform().rotate(90.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); model = addObject( new Qtk::Model("masterChief", PATH("/models/spartan/spartan.obj"))); model->getTransform().setTranslation(-1.5f, 0.5f, -2.0f); // // Simple cube lighting examples. /* Phong lighting example on a basic cube. */ mTestPhong = new Qtk::MeshRenderer("phong", Qtk::Cube()); mTestPhong->getTransform().setTranslation(3.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); // NOTE: You no longer need to manually bind shader program to set uniforms. // + You can still bind it if you want to for performance reasons. // + Qtk will only bind / release if the shader program is not already bound. mTestPhong->setShaders(":/solid-phong.vert", ":/solid-phong.frag"); // For example this would technically not be efficient, because each one of // these calls will bind, set, release. We could instead bind, set N uniforms, // and release when we are finished. // mTestPhong->bindShaders(); mTestPhong->setUniform("uColor", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); mTestPhong->setUniform("uLightColor", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); mTestPhong->setUniform("uAmbientStrength", 0.2f); mTestPhong->setUniform("uSpecularStrength", 0.50f); mTestPhong->setUniform("uSpecularShine", 256); // mTestPhong->releaseShaders(); mTestPhong->reallocateNormals(mTestPhong->getNormals()); // NOTE: This is only an example and I won't worry about this kind of // efficiency while initializing the following objects. // Phong lighting example light source. This is just for visual reference. // + We refer to the position of this object in draw() to update lighting. mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("phongLight", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(3.0f, 2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); /* Example of a cube with no lighting applied */ mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer("noLight", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(5.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/solid-perspective.vert", ":/solid-perspective.frag"); mesh->setUniform("uColor", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); // No light source needed for this lighting technique /* Initialize Ambient example cube */ mTestAmbient = new Qtk::MeshRenderer("ambient", Cube()); mTestAmbient->getTransform().setTranslation(7.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mTestAmbient->setShaders(":/solid-ambient.vert", ":/solid-ambient.frag"); // Changing these uniform values will alter lighting effects. mTestAmbient->setUniform("uColor", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); mTestAmbient->setUniform("uLightColor", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); mTestAmbient->setUniform("uAmbientStrength", 0.2f); mTestAmbient->reallocateNormals(mTestAmbient->getNormals()); // No light source needed for this lighting technique /* Initialize Diffuse example cube */ mTestDiffuse = new Qtk::MeshRenderer("diffuse", Cube()); mTestDiffuse->getTransform().setTranslation(9.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mTestDiffuse->setShaders(":/solid-diffuse.vert", ":/solid-diffuse.frag"); mTestDiffuse->setUniform("uColor", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); mTestDiffuse->setUniform("uLightColor", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); mTestDiffuse->setUniform("uAmbientStrength", 0.2f); mTestDiffuse->reallocateNormals(mTestDiffuse->getNormals()); // Diffuse lighting example light source. This is just for visual reference. mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("diffuseLight", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(9.0f, 2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); /* Initialize Specular example cube */ mTestSpecular = new Qtk::MeshRenderer("specular", Cube()); mTestSpecular->getTransform().setTranslation(11.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mTestSpecular->setShaders(":/solid-specular.vert", ":/solid-specular.frag"); mTestSpecular->setUniform("uColor", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); mTestSpecular->setUniform("uLightColor", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); mTestSpecular->setUniform("uAmbientStrength", 0.2f); mTestSpecular->setUniform("uSpecularStrength", 0.50f); mTestSpecular->setUniform("uSpecularShine", 256); mTestSpecular->reallocateNormals(mTestSpecular->getNormals()); // Specular lighting example light source. This is just for visual reference. mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("specularLight", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(11.0f, 2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); /* Test basic cube with phong.vert and phong.frag shaders */ mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer("testPhong", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(5.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/phong.vert", ":/phong.frag"); // WARNING: Set color before reallocating normals. mesh->setColor(QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.ambient", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.3f, 0.0f)); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.diffuse", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.2f, 0.0f)); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.specular", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.ambientStrength", 1.0f); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.diffuseStrength", 1.0f); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.specularStrength", 1.0f); mesh->setUniform("uMaterial.shine", 64.0f); mesh->setUniform("uLight.ambient", QVector3D(0.25f, 0.2f, 0.075f)); mesh->setUniform("uLight.diffuse", QVector3D(0.75f, 0.6f, 0.22f)); mesh->setUniform("uLight.specular", QVector3D(0.62f, 0.55f, 0.37f)); mesh->setUniform("uColor", QVector3D(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f)); // Light source for testPhong cube mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("testLight", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(5.0f, 1.25f, 10.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); mesh->setDrawType(GL_LINE_LOOP); mesh->setColor(RED); // // Building more complex objects for showing examples of lighting techniques /* Test alien Model with phong lighting and specular mapping. */ model = addObject(new Qtk::Model( "alienTest", PATH("/models/alien-hominid/alien.obj"), ":/model-specular.vert", ":/model-specular.frag")); model->getTransform().setTranslation(3.0f, -1.0f, 10.0f); model->getTransform().scale(0.15f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.ambient", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uMaterial.diffuse", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uMaterial.specular", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uMaterial.ambientStrength", 0.8f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.diffuseStrength", 0.8f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.specularStrength", 1.0f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.shine", 32.0f); model->setUniform("uLight.ambient", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uLight.diffuse", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uLight.specular", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); // Light source for alienTest object. mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer( "alienTestLight", Triangle(Qtk::QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(4.0f, 1.5f, 10.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); // This function changes values we have allocated in a buffer, so init() after mesh->setColor(GREEN); /* Test spartan Model with phong lighting, specular and normal mapping. */ model = addObject(new Qtk::Model( "spartanTest", PATH("/models/spartan/spartan.obj"), ":/model-normals.vert", ":/model-normals.frag")); model->getTransform().setTranslation(0.0f, -1.0f, 10.0f); model->getTransform().scale(2.0f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.ambient", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uMaterial.diffuse", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uMaterial.specular", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uMaterial.ambientStrength", 1.0f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.diffuseStrength", 1.0f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.specularStrength", 1.0f); model->setUniform("uMaterial.shine", 128.0f); model->setUniform("uLight.ambient", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uLight.diffuse", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); model->setUniform("uLight.specular", QVector3D(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)); // Light source for spartanTest object. mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("spartanTestLight", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(1.0f, 1.5f, 10.0f); mesh->getTransform().scale(0.25f); // This function changes values we have allocated in a buffer, so init() after mesh->setColor(GREEN); // // Test drawing simple geometry with various OpenGL drawing modes // RGB Normals cube to show normals are correct with QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("rgbNormalsCubeArraysTest", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(5.0f, 0.0f, 4.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/rgb-normals.vert", ":/rgb-normals.frag"); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); // RGB Normals cube to show normals are correct with QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS_NORMALS mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer( "rgbNormalsCubeElementsTest", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS_NORMALS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(5.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/rgb-normals.vert", ":/rgb-normals.frag"); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); Texture crateTexture; crateTexture.setTexture(":/crate.png"); Cube cube; auto * m = new MeshRenderer("Test Crate", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS)); m->getTransform().setTranslation(0, 0, 13); m->setShaders(":/texture2d.vert", ":/texture2d.frag"); m->setTexture(crateTexture); m->setUniform("uTexture", 0); m->reallocateTexCoords(cube.getTexCoords()); addObject(m); // Texturing a cube using texture coordinates and glDrawArrays // + Texturing with UVs using glDrawElements requires // QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS_NORMALS // + UVs required duplicating element position data from QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS // + This is because the same position must use different UV coordinates mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("uvCubeArraysTest", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-3.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/texture2d.vert", ":/texture2d.frag"); mesh->setTexture(crateTexture); mesh->setUniform("uTexture", 0); mesh->reallocateTexCoords(mesh->getTexCoords()); // Test drawing a cube with texture coordinates using glDrawElements mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer( "uvCubeElementsTest", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS_NORMALS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-1.7f, 0.0f, -2.0f); mesh->setTexture(":/crate.png"); mesh->setShaders(":/texture2d.vert", ":/texture2d.frag"); mesh->bindShaders(); mesh->setUniform("uTexture", 0); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); mesh->reallocateTexCoords(mesh->getTexCoords(), 3); mesh->releaseShaders(); mesh->getTransform().rotate(45.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Texturing a cube using a cube map // + Cube map texturing works with both QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS and QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer("testCubeMap", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-3.0f, 1.0f, -2.0f); mesh->getTransform().setRotation(45.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/texture-cubemap.vert", ":/texture-cubemap.frag"); mesh->setCubeMap(":/crate.png"); mesh->setUniform("uTexture", 0); mesh->reallocateTexCoords(mesh->getTexCoords()); // Create a cube with custom shaders // + Apply RGB normals shader and spin the cube for a neat effect mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer("rgbNormalsCube", Cube(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(5.0f, 2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/rgb-normals.vert", ":/rgb-normals.frag"); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); // RGB Normals triangle to show normals are correct with QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer( "rgbTriangleArraysTest", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(7.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/rgb-normals.vert", ":/rgb-normals.frag"); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); // RGB Normals triangle to show normals are correct with QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer( "rgbTriangleElementsTest", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS_NORMALS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(7.0f, 0.0f, 4.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/rgb-normals.vert", ":/rgb-normals.frag"); mesh->reallocateNormals(mesh->getNormals()); // Test drawing triangle with glDrawArrays with texture coordinates mesh = addObject( new Qtk::MeshRenderer("testTriangleArraysUV", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ARRAYS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-3.0f, 2.0f, -2.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/texture2d.vert", ":/texture2d.frag"); mesh->setTexture(":/crate.png"); mesh->setUniform("uTexture", 0); mesh->reallocateTexCoords(mesh->getTexCoords()); // Test drawing triangle with glDrawElements with texture coordinates mesh = addObject(new Qtk::MeshRenderer( "testTriangleElementsUV", Triangle(QTK_DRAW_ELEMENTS_NORMALS))); mesh->getTransform().setTranslation(-2.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f); mesh->setShaders(":/texture2d.vert", ":/texture2d.frag"); mesh->setTexture(":/crate.png"); mesh->setUniform("uTexture", 0); mesh->reallocateTexCoords(mesh->getTexCoords()); } void ExampleScene::draw() { // WARNING: We must call the base class draw() function first. // + This will handle rendering core scene components like the Skybox. Scene::draw(); for(const auto & model : getModels()) { model->draw(); } for(const auto & mesh : getMeshes()) { mesh->draw(); } mTestPhong->bindShaders(); mTestPhong->setUniform( "uModelInverseTransposed", mTestPhong->getTransform().toMatrix().normalMatrix()); mTestPhong->setUniform( "uLightPosition", MeshRenderer::getInstance("phongLight")->getTransform().getTranslation()); mTestPhong->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); mTestPhong->releaseShaders(); mTestPhong->draw(); mTestAmbient->bindShaders(); mTestAmbient->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); mTestAmbient->releaseShaders(); mTestAmbient->draw(); mTestDiffuse->bindShaders(); mTestDiffuse->setUniform( "uModelInverseTransposed", mTestDiffuse->getTransform().toMatrix().normalMatrix()); mTestDiffuse->setUniform( "uLightPosition", MeshRenderer::getInstance("diffuseLight") ->getTransform() .getTranslation()); mTestDiffuse->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); mTestDiffuse->releaseShaders(); mTestDiffuse->draw(); mTestSpecular->bindShaders(); mTestSpecular->setUniform( "uModelInverseTransposed", mTestSpecular->getTransform().toMatrix().normalMatrix()); mTestSpecular->setUniform( "uLightPosition", MeshRenderer::getInstance("specularLight") ->getTransform() .getTranslation()); mTestSpecular->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); mTestSpecular->releaseShaders(); mTestSpecular->draw(); } void ExampleScene::update() { auto mySpartan = Model::getInstance("My spartan"); mySpartan->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); auto myCube = MeshRenderer::getInstance("My cube"); myCube->getTransform().rotate(-0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); auto position = MeshRenderer::getInstance("alienTestLight") ->getTransform() .getTranslation(); auto alien = Model::getInstance("alienTest"); alien->setUniform("uLight.position", position); alien->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); auto posMatrix = alien->getTransform().toMatrix(); alien->setUniform("uMVP.normalMatrix", posMatrix.normalMatrix()); alien->setUniform("uMVP.model", posMatrix); alien->setUniform("uMVP.view", ExampleScene::getCamera().toMatrix()); alien->setUniform("uMVP.projection", ExampleScene::getProjectionMatrix()); alien->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); position = MeshRenderer::getInstance("spartanTestLight") ->getTransform() .getTranslation(); auto spartan = Model::getInstance("spartanTest"); spartan->setUniform("uLight.position", position); spartan->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); posMatrix = spartan->getTransform().toMatrix(); spartan->setUniform("uMVP.normalMatrix", posMatrix.normalMatrix()); spartan->setUniform("uMVP.model", posMatrix); spartan->setUniform("uMVP.view", ExampleScene::getCamera().toMatrix()); spartan->setUniform("uMVP.projection", ExampleScene::getProjectionMatrix()); spartan->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); auto phong = MeshRenderer::getInstance("testPhong"); phong->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f); phong->bindShaders(); position = MeshRenderer::getInstance("testLight")->getTransform().getTranslation(); phong->setUniform("uLight.position", position); phong->setUniform( "uCameraPosition", ExampleScene::getCamera().getTransform().getTranslation()); posMatrix = phong->getTransform().toMatrix(); phong->setUniform("uMVP.normalMatrix", posMatrix.normalMatrix()); phong->setUniform("uMVP.model", posMatrix); phong->setUniform("uMVP.view", ExampleScene::getCamera().toMatrix()); phong->setUniform("uMVP.projection", ExampleScene::getProjectionMatrix()); phong->releaseShaders(); // Rotate lighting example cubes mTestPhong->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.5f, 0.3f, 0.2f); MeshRenderer::getInstance("noLight")->getTransform().rotate( 0.75f, 0.5f, 0.3f, 0.2f); mTestAmbient->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.5f, 0.3f, 0.2f); mTestDiffuse->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.5f, 0.3f, 0.2f); mTestSpecular->getTransform().rotate(0.75f, 0.5f, 0.3f, 0.2f); // Examples of various translations and rotations // Rotate in multiple directions simultaneously MeshRenderer::getInstance("rgbNormalsCube") ->getTransform() .rotate(0.75f, 0.2f, 0.4f, 0.6f); // Pitch forward and roll sideways MeshRenderer::getInstance("leftTriangle") ->getTransform() .rotate(0.75f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); MeshRenderer::getInstance("rightTriangle") ->getTransform() .rotate(0.75f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Move between two positions over time static float translateX = 0.025f; float limit = -9.0f; // Origin position.x - 2.0f float posX = MeshRenderer::getInstance("topTriangle") ->getTransform() .getTranslation() .x(); if(posX < limit || posX > limit + 4.0f) { translateX = -translateX; } MeshRenderer::getInstance("topTriangle") ->getTransform() .translate(translateX, 0.0f, 0.0f); MeshRenderer::getInstance("bottomTriangle") ->getTransform() .translate(-translateX, 0.0f, 0.0f); // And lets rotate the triangles in two directions at once MeshRenderer::getInstance("topTriangle") ->getTransform() .rotate(0.75f, 0.2f, 0.0f, 0.4f); MeshRenderer::getInstance("bottomTriangle") ->getTransform() .rotate(0.75f, 0.0f, 0.2f, 0.4f); // And make the bottom triangle green, instead of RGB // Rotate center cube in several directions simultaneously // + Not subject to gimbal lock since we are using quaternions :) MeshRenderer::getInstance("centerCube") ->getTransform() .rotate(0.75f, 0.2f, 0.4f, 0.6f); }